Pelvic Pain Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

Pelvic discomfort affects men and women. It is abdominal pain below the belly button and between the hips. Pelvic discomfort can be temporary or persistent, mild or severe.

This page covers pelvic anatomy, pelvic pain causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

Pelvic anatomy

The pelvis is the trunk's lowest bone. It includes the hips, sacrum, and coccyx. Pelvis protects reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum.

Pelvic discomfort causes

Pelvic discomfort has gynaecological, urological, and gastrointestinal origins.

Gynaecological causes

Most gynaecological causes of pelvic discomfort are:

Endometriosis

Endometriosis involves uterine tissue growing outside of it. Painful tissue might connect to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other pelvic organs.

Pelvic inflammatory disease

PID infects the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Chronic pelvic pain might result from a sexually transmitted infection.

Ovarian cysts

Fluid-filled ovarian cysts form. They're harmless, but ruptures or twists can hurt.

Urological causes

Most urological reasons of pelvic discomfort are:

Urinary tract infection

UTIs affect the bladder, urethra, and kidneys. UTIs induce pelvic and abdominal pain.

Cystitis interstitial

Chronic bladder pain is interstitial cystitis. It causes pelvic pain and frequent urination.

GI causes

Common pelvic pain reasons include:

Irritable bowel syndrome

IBS can cause stomach pain, bloating, and bowel disturbances.

Inflammatory bowel disease

IBD is persistent intestinal inflammation. It causes abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and rectal bleeding.

pelvic pain

Pelvic discomfort might vary. Sharp or dull, persistent or intermittent, localised or diffuse. Other pelvic pain symptoms include: